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目的 建立青海省脊髓灰质炎 (脊灰) 野病毒 (Wild poliovirus, WPV) 输入传播风险评估工具, 开展风险评估, 制定相应对策.方法 采用专家咨询法制定青海省WPV输入传播风险评估工具, 对2016年各市 (州) 和县 (区) 开展评估, 实施相应的风险控制措施.结果 制定的青海省风险评估工具包括3个一级指标和12个二级指标及其风险评分标准.利用该工具进行评估显示, 高、中、低风险的市 (州) 分别有2个、5个和1个;高、中、中低、低风险的县 (区) 分别有10个、18个、15个、3个.在高和/或中风险的地区开展了二价脊灰疫苗补充免疫活动、急性弛缓性麻痹 (Acuteflaccid paralysis, AFP) 病例搜索和健康儿童脊灰病毒监测, 未发现漏报AFP病例和WPV.结论 青海省存在WPV输入传播的风险, 应适时调整风险评估工具, 动态开展评估以便及时采取应对措施.“,”Objective To establish a risk assessment tool for wild poliovirus (WPV) importation and transmission in Qinghai, assess risk levels, and take appropriate measures. Methods We used the Delphi method to establish a risk assessment tool for WPV importation and transmission. We used the tool to assess risks at prefecture and county levels in 2016 and implemented risk control measures. Results The risk assessment tool included 3 first-level and 12 secondlevel indicators and their scoring criteria. Evaluation using the tool showed that 2, 5, and 1 prefectures were identified as high, medium, and low risk, respectively; and 10, 18, 15, and 3 counties were identified as high, medium, mediumlow, and low risk. We conducted supplementary immunization with bivalent oral polio vaccine, active search for acute f laccid paralysis (AFP) cases, and surveillance for polioviruses in healthy children f rom high-and/or medium-risk areas. We found no missed AFP reports or WPV strains. Conclusions WPV could possibly be imported and transmitted in Qinghai. We should adjust the risk assessment tool dynamically, and conduct assessment for rapid responses.