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目的了解北京市海淀区10岁儿童全血5种元素水平及缺乏情况,探讨该年龄儿童元素缺乏的综合防治措施。方法2008年3-6月采用随机抽样的方法,选取北京市海淀区79所小学10岁儿童作为研究对象,其中男生3654名,女生3376名。取研究对象指血40μL,采用原子吸收光谱法测定其中的钙、镁、铜、锌、铁5种元素水平。结果7030名10岁儿童全血钙、镁、铜、锌、铁5种元素平均水平分别是(1.89±3.61)mmol/L,(1.62±3.64)mmol/L,(21.40±3.43)μmol/L,(88.78±22.46)μmol/L,(8.48±12.33)mmol/L。儿童全血中镁和铜的性别差异有统计学意义,男生均高于女生;钙、锌、铁的性别差异无统计学意义。儿童血中锌和铁元素缺乏情况严重,缺乏率分别为19.76%和10.88%;钙、镁、铜3种元素缺乏率较低。结论海淀区10岁儿童血中微量元素锌、铁缺乏较严重,应作为今后开展预防保健工作的重点。
Objective To understand the levels and deficiencies of five elements in whole blood of 10-year-old children in Haidian District, Beijing, and to explore the comprehensive prevention and control measures of the lack of elements in children of this age. Methods From March to June 2008, random sampling method was used to select 79 primary schools, 10-year-old children in Haidian District, Beijing as study subjects, including 3654 boys and 3376 girls. Take the test object refers to the blood 40μL, using atomic absorption spectrometry to determine the calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron five kinds of elemental levels. Results The average levels of 5 elements of calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc and iron in 7030 children aged 10 years were (1.89 ± 3.61) mmol / L, (1.62 ± 3.64) mmol / L and (21.40 ± 3.43) μmol / L , (88.78 ± 22.46) μmol / L, (8.48 ± 12.33) mmol / L, respectively. Gender differences in magnesium and copper in whole blood of children were statistically significant, boys were higher than girls; gender differences in calcium, zinc and iron were not statistically significant. Serum zinc and iron deficiency in children with a serious lack of rates were 19.76% and 10.88%; calcium, magnesium, copper three kinds of elements of the low rate of deficiency. Conclusion 10-year-old children in Haidian District, the blood of trace elements zinc, iron deficiency is more serious, should be carried out as the focus of preventive health care work in the future.