抢救危重病人时,经上腔静脉插管输液,监测中心静脉压是一种有价值的诊治手段,同时也为长期输液、取血标本或静脉高营养提供了良好的途径。以往腔静脉插管多经上、下肢静脉切开或经颈外、锁骨下静脉穿刺,由于技术上的原因常常失败,且并发症较多。六十年代后期,有人提倡经颈内静脉穿刺插管,由于其成功率高,并发症少,在国外已广泛应用。一、解剖依据颈内静脉自颅底颈静脉孔后部起始,进入颈部血管鞘,沿颈内动脉外后方下行,逐渐移行到颈总动脉外侧,前外侧,最后达锁骨内端后方与锁骨下静脉汇合为无名静脉,右侧的颈内 In the rescue of critically ill patients, transfusion of the superior vena cava and monitoring of the central venous pressure is a valuable diagnostic and treatment tool, providing a good avenue for long-term infusion, blood sampling or intravenous nutrition. In the past many vena cava by the upper and lower extremity venous or transcranial, subclavian vein puncture, due to technical reasons often fail, and more complications. The late sixties, it was advocated by the jugular vein puncture intubation, due to its high success rate, fewer complications, has been widely used abroad. First, the anatomical basis of the internal jugular vein from the cranial base of the jugular foramen at the beginning of the back, into the neck sheath, along the internal carotid artery posterior descending, gradually migrate to the lateral common carotid artery, the anteromedial, and finally up to the medial end of the clavicle and Subclavian vein confluence of anonymous vein, the right side of the neck