以时间为纵轴,对宁夏西海固地区乡村聚落演变及其生态特征进行了深入的研究,表明西海固地区原始聚落群选址近水、布局向阳特征明显;城—寨—堡的军事防御体系奠定了今天西海固地区的乡村聚落分布格局;移民迁徙和宗教文化影响了回族乡村聚落的空间格局;生态环境的恶劣、自然资源的匮乏限定了当地的聚落营建及民居类型。 Taking the time as the vertical axis, the author conducted an in-depth study on the evolution and ecological characteristics of rural settlements in Xihaigu area, Ningxia Province, indicating that the location of the original settlements in Xihaigu area is near water and the layout is sunny. The military defense system of Chengzhai- Laid the distribution pattern of the village settlement in the Xihaigu area today; migration and religious culture have affected the spatial pattern of the settlement of the Hui villages; the poor ecological environment and the lack of natural resources have limited the settlement construction and the types of residential houses.