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采用无肥、常规肥、控释尿素和控释复合肥4种肥料处理,于大豆播种前和成熟期对大豆根际土壤的细菌、真菌、放线菌采用平板计数法进行测定;并对大豆成熟期根际土壤微生物数量变化、土壤养分含量变化及大豆农艺性状及产量相关因素进行分析。结果表明:与无肥和常规肥比较,控释尿素和控释复合肥可明显增加土壤中细菌、真菌及放线菌数目,并且控释复合肥处理的细菌数目、土壤养分含量等项目优于控释尿素处理;在大豆农艺性状及产量相关因素方面,控释尿素及控释复合肥未表现出显著优势。与常规肥相比,施用控释肥可以增加土壤中微生物数量、提高供肥能力,从而提高肥料利用率,减少化肥对环境的污染。
Four kinds of fertilizers such as no fertilizer, conventional fertilizer, controlled release urea and controlled release compound fertilizer were used to treat the bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in soybean rhizosphere soil before and during soybean sowing. Changes of rhizosphere soil microbial population, changes in soil nutrient content and agronomic characters and yield-related factors of rhizosphere during maturity were analyzed. The results showed that compared with no fertilizer and conventional fertilizer, controlled release urea and controlled release compound fertilizer could obviously increase the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in soil, and the number of bacteria treated by controlled release compound fertilizer and soil nutrient content were superior Controlled-release urea treatment; controlled-release urea and controlled-release compound fertilizer showed no significant advantage in soybean agronomic traits and yield related factors. Compared with conventional fertilizers, the application of controlled release fertilizers can increase the amount of microorganisms in the soil and improve the ability of supplying fertilizers, so as to improve the fertilizer utilization rate and reduce the pollution of chemical fertilizers to the environment.