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自西汉代以来,儒家思想受到推崇,孔子被尊为圣人。明清时期,受儒家文化影响的穆斯林知识分子在用汉语阐释伊斯兰教思想的过程中形成了自己的孔子观。一些穆斯林知识分子尊重孔子,但对有关太宰嚭和孔子的对话内容作了取舍和发挥,认为孔子听闻的“西方圣人”是至圣穆罕默德;一些穆斯林知识分子把孔子纳入圣人之列,但在至圣穆罕默德之下;马德新认为东土圣人言人道,西土圣人言天道,各有自己的职责;唐晋徽提出孔子是今世完人、穆罕默德是后世完人的思想。对待孔子的态度,反映了明清时期穆斯林知识分子在宗教信仰和社会现实之间努力寻求一个合理关系的思想历程。
Since the Western Han Dynasty, Confucianism has been respected, and Confucius is revered as a saint. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Muslim intellectuals influenced by Confucian culture formed their own view of Confucianism in their interpretation of Islamic ideas in Chinese. Some Muslim intellectuals respect Confucius, but make a decision about the contents of the dialogue between Dazai and Confucius. They think that “Western Sacred Sages” heard by Confucius is the Most Holy Mohammed. Some Muslim intellectuals included Confucius in the list of saints, Under the Most Holy Mohammad, Madhin believed that the East Saints spoke humanity and the West Saints spoke their own ways. Each of them had their own duties. Tang Jinhui proposed that Confucius is an ideal person of this life and that Muhammad is a man of later generations. The attitude towards Confucius reflects the ideological course of Muslim intellectuals’ efforts to seek a reasonable relationship between religious beliefs and social reality during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.