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目的 :进一步探讨运动贫血的发生机理 ,为防治运动性贫血提供一定理论依据。方法 :采用荧光法和比色法分别测定力竭游泳后红细胞膜MDA含量、红细胞变形性、Na+-K+-ATPase、Ca2 +-ATPase活性以及红细胞膜总磷脂、胆固醇含量及其比值。结果 :与对照组相比 ,MDA含量在运动后即刻和 1h极显著升高 (p <0 .0 1) ,2 4h后仍高于对照组 (p <0 .0 5 ) ;红细胞变形性在运动后即刻 ,运动后 1h显著下降 (<0 .0 5 ;p <0 ,0 1) ,2 4h后仍未恢复正常 ;Na+-K+-ATPase和Ca2 +-ATPase活性在运动后即刻和 1h显著下降 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,2 4h后基本恢复到正常 ;红细胞膜总磷脂在运动后即刻显著下降 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,并在 1h后恢复正常 ;红细胞膜上胆固醇在运动后即刻极显著低于对照组(p <0 .0 1) ,1h和 2 4h后仍显著低于对照组 ;红细胞膜上胆固醇 /磷脂比值在运动后即刻和 1h均显著低于对照组 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,2 4h后基本恢复正常 ;相关分析表明 ,红细胞的变形性与红细胞膜上MDA含量呈显著负相关 (p <0 .0 5 )。结论 :力竭游泳运动引发的自由基产生和脂质过氧化对红细胞膜结构有损害 ,使Na+-K+-ATPase和Ca2 +-ATPase活性下降 ,红细胞膜上的磷脂和胆固醇含量以及其比值降低 ,致使红细胞变形性下降 ,可能是造成运动性贫血的重要原因之一
Objective: To further explore the mechanism of sports anemia, to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of sports anemia. Methods: The content of erythrocyte MDA, erythrocyte deformability, Na + -K + -ATPase, Ca2 + -ATPase activity and erythrocyte membrane total phospholipid and cholesterol content and their ratios were determined by fluorescence and colorimetric methods respectively. Results: Compared with the control group, the content of MDA increased significantly (P <0.01) immediately after exercise and still higher than that of the control group after 24 hours (P <0.05). The erythrocyte deformability Immediately after exercise, the level of Na + -K + -ATPase and Ca2 + -ATPase decreased significantly 1h after exercise (<0. 05; p <0, 0 1) and did not return to normal after 24 hours. (P <0.05), and returned to normal after 24 hours. Total erythrocyte membrane phospholipid decreased significantly immediately after exercise (p <0.05), and returned to normal after 1 hour. Cholesterol (P <0.01) after 1h and 24h, but the ratio of cholesterol / phospholipid in erythrocyte membrane was significantly lower than that of the control group immediately after and 1h <0. 05), and returned to normal after 24 hours. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the deformability of erythrocytes and the content of MDA in erythrocyte membrane (p <0.05). Conclusion: Free radical production and lipid peroxidation induced by exhaustive swimming may damage the erythrocyte membrane structure, decrease Na + -K + -ATPase and Ca2 + -ATPase activity, decrease phospholipid and cholesterol content in erythrocyte membrane and their ratio, Resulting in decreased erythrocyte deformability, may be one of the major causes of exercise-induced anemia