冯友兰先生在《中国哲学史新编·自序》(以下简称《自序》)中开头说:在解放以后,我时常想:在世界上中国是文明古国之一。其它古国,现在大部分都衰微了,中国还继续存在,而且还进入了社会主义社会。中国是古而又新的国家。《诗经》上有句诗说:“周虽旧邦,其命维新。”旧邦新命,是现代中国的特点。我要把这个特点发扬起来。我所希望的,就是用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法重写一部《中国哲学史》。冯先生这段话可分两个层次:第一个层次,是冯先生于新中国的胜利看到了祖国的新生和希望,他感叹世界上其他文明古国大部分已经衰微,而中国却继续存在,而且进入了社会主义社会,中国成为古而又新的国家,他称之为“旧邦新命”。这表明冯先生欢迎中 Feng Youlan began his speech in “A New Chapter of the History of Chinese Philosophy” (hereinafter referred to as “Preface”): After the liberation, I often thought: In the world, China is one of the ancient civilizations. In other ancient countries, most of them are now decayed, China continues to exist, and has also entered into a socialist society. China is an ancient and new country. There is a poem in the Book of Songs which states: “Although Zhou is an old state, his life is renewed.” The old state is a new feature of modern China. I want to promote this feature. What I hope for is to rewrite a “history of Chinese philosophy” with Marxist standpoints, opinions and methods. Mr FUNG’s remark can be divided into two levels: The first level is that Mr. Fung saw the rebirth and hope of the motherland in the victory of New China. He lamented that most other ancient civilizations in the world have declined, while China continues to exist. And into the socialist society, China has become an ancient and new country, which he called the “old state new life.” This shows that Mr. Feng welcomes