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目的探讨上海市金山区2009—2011年手足口病重症病例的流行病学特征,为重症手足口病的防治和管理提供理论依据。方法对2009—2011年上海市金山区报告的重症手足口病病例个案资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2009—2011年上海市金山区共报告手足口病重症病例27例,重症比例为0.75%;重症病例发病的高峰期在5和11月份;重症病例发病年龄主要集中在3岁及以下,占81.48%;职业以散居儿童所占比例最大,占66.67%;引起重症的病毒主要为肠道病毒EV 71,占85.19%;重症病例均有出疹,绝大多数重症病例有高热。结论上海市金山区手足口病重症病例主要由肠道病毒EV 71引起,主要危害3岁以下的散居儿童,要重点对该年龄段儿童家长开展手足口病的宣传教育工作。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD cases from 2009 to 2011 in Jinshan District, Shanghai, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and management of HFMD. Methods Epidemiological analysis of cases of severe HFMD reported in Shanghai Jinshan District from 2009 to 2011 was conducted. Results A total of 27 severe cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Jinshan District of Shanghai from 2009 to 2011, with a serious proportion of 0.75%. The peak incidence of severe cases was in May and November. The incidence of severe cases was mainly aged 3 years and below 81.48%. Occupation was dominated by diaspora, accounting for 66.67%. The most common cause of critically ill virus was enterovirus 71 (EV 71), accounting for 85.19%. Severe cases had rash and the vast majority of severe cases had high fever. Conclusion Severe cases of HFMD in Jinshan District of Shanghai are mainly caused by Enterovirus 71 (EV71), which mainly endangers the diasporic children under 3 years of age. The publicity and education of hand-foot-mouth disease should be focused on parents of children in this age group.