目的:探究慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中记忆性CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15受体β亚基(IL-2/IL-15Rβ)表达及其与细胞增殖和分泌功能相关性，以及慢性活动性乙型肝炎(CAHB)患者治疗前后乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染相关指标、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达变化。n 方法:选取2019年3月至2020年12月皖南医学院附属第一医院感染科慢性乙型肝炎住院及门诊患者184例，根据纳入和排除标准，CAHB组纳入68例，无症状HBV携带组纳入47例。同时选取同时期30例健康体检者纳入健康对照组。CAHB组患者接受核苷(酸)类药物抗病毒治疗并随访(8例失访)，分别比较剩余30例乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)阳性和30例HBeAg阴性患者治疗前后HBV感染相关指标、ALT和CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达变化。多组间正态分布计量资料比较采用单因素方差分析；两组间正态分布计量资料比较采用配对样本n t检验；两组间非正态分布计量资料比较采用Mann-Whitney n U秩和检验。采用Pearson相关系数评估CAHB患者PBMC CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达比例和平均荧光强度(MFI)与CD3n +T淋巴细胞中CD8n + CD45ROn + T淋巴细胞比例相关性。n P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。n 结果:CAHB组患者PBMC CD3n +T淋巴细胞中CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞比例为(8.6±3.7)%，高于无症状HBV携带组[(5.7±2.5)%]和健康对照组[(5.5±1.5)%]，差异均有统计学意义(n P均<0.05)；CAHB组PBMC CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn + T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达比例为(6.8±4.7)%，高于无症状HBV携带组[(4.7±2.8)%]和健康对照组[(4.3±2.2)%]，差异均有统计学意义(n P均<0.05)；CAHB组PBMC CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn + T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ MFI为(243±168)，高于无症状HBV携带组(160±91)和健康对照组(160±63)，差异均有统计学意义(n P均<0.05)。CAHB组PBMC CD3n +CD8n + CD45ROn + T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达比例及MFI与CD3n +T淋巴细胞中CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞比例均呈正相关(n r＝0.33和0.28，n P均<0.05)。经抗-CD3+super-2刺激，CAHB组PBMC CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞增殖比例为(43.7±16.0)%，高于无症状HBV携带组[(29.1±9.4)%]和健康对照组[(26.8±9.6)%]，差异均有统计学意义(n P均<0.05)；阻断IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达后，CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞增殖水平下降[(11.2±6.3)%]，低于CAHB组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。CAHB组CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞经抗-CD3+super-2刺激后分泌干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、IL-2和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞比例分别为(13.8±5.4)%、(14.0±4.3)%和(12.3±4.6)%，高于无症状HBV携带组[(8.4±2.6)%、(9.4±3.2)%和(6.8±3.3)%]和健康对照组[(6.9±2.7)%、(9.9±3.0)%和(7.7±3.8)%]，差异均有统计学意义(n P均<0.05)；阻断IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达后，分泌IFN-γ [(2.4±1.6)%]，IL-2 [(4.1±1.9)%]和TNF-α [(4.1±1.8)%]的CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞比例均下降，低于CAHB组，差异均有统计学意义(n P均<0.05)。30例HBeAg阳性CAHB患者治疗前HBeAg、ALT、PBMC CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达比例和MFI分别为521.4(68.9，1 339.0)COI、292(160，528)U/L、(6.4±3.2)%和(239±136)，高于治疗后水平[3.5(1.5，17.5)COI、20(14，31)U/L、(4.1±2.4)%和(134±58)]，差异均有统计学意义(n Z＝5.337和6.403，n t＝3.229和3.892，n P均<0.05)。30例HBeAg阴性CAHB患者抗病毒治疗前乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、ALT、PBMC CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达比例和MFI分别为(5 310±2 851)COI、(328±207)U/L、(7.1±5.8)%和(252±110)，高于治疗后水平[(3 811±2 495)COI、(33±14)U/L、(4.6±2.9)%和(154±73)]，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝2.167、5.595、2.116和2.383，n P均<0.05)。n 结论:IL-2/IL-15Rβ表达水平与CAHB患者记忆性CD3n +CD8n +CD45ROn +T淋巴细胞数目、增殖和分泌功能密切相关。n “,”Objective:To investigate the expression of IL-2/IL-15 receptor β subunit (IL-2/IL-15Rβ) on memory CD3 n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving antiviral treatment and its significance.n Methods:Sixty-eight patients with chronic active hepatitis B (CAHB) and 47 asymptomatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers attending in the Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from March 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled in the study; and 30 health subjects were also enrolled as healthy control group. Among 60 CAHB patients there were 30 cases with positive HBeAg and 30 cases with negative HBeAg. All CAHB patients received nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy, the HBV-related markers, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the expression of IL-2/IL-15Rβ on CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells were determined and compared between HBeAg-positive and negative patients, before and after treatment. Normal distribution measurement data among 3 groups were compared with One-way ANOVA; normal distribution measurement data between 2 groups were compared with paired samples n t test; non-normal distribution measurement data between the two groups were compared with Mann-Whitney n U test; Pearson’s correlation coefficient was performed for correlation analysis. n P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.n Results:The proportion of CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells on PBMC CD3n + T cells in CAHB group [(8.6±3.7)%] was higher than that of asymptomatic HBV carriers group [(5.7±2.5)%] and healthy control group [(5.5±1.5)%] (alln P<0.05). The expression percentage of IL-2/IL-15Rβ on PBMC CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells in CAHB group [(6.8±4.7)%] was higher than that of asymptomatic HBV carriers group [(4.7±2.8)%] and healthy control group [(4.3±2.2)%] (alln P<0.05). The MFI of IL-2/IL-15Rβ on PBMC CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells in CAHB group (243±168) was higher than those of asymptomatic HBV carriers group (160±91) and healthy control group [160±63] (all n P<0.05). The expression percentage and MFI of IL-2/IL-15Rβ on PBMC CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells were positively correlated with the percentage of CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells in CAHB patients (n r=0.33 and 0.28, all n P<0.05). The proliferation percentage of PBMC CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells in CAHB group[ (43.7±16.0)%] was higher than that of asymptomatic HBV carriers group [(29.1±9.4)%] and healthy control group [(26.8±9.6)%] after stimulation with Anti-CD3+ super-2 (alln P<0.05). After the expression of IL-2/IL-15Rβ was blocked, the proliferation percentage of CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells was decreased [(11.2±6.3)%] compared with the untreated CAHB group (n P<0.05). The percentages of PBMC CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells secreting IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α in CAHB group were (13.8±5.4)%, (14.0±4.3)% and (12.3±4.6)% respectively, which were higher than those of asymptomatic HBV carriers [(8.4±2.6)%, (9.4±3.2)% and (6.8±3.3)%] and healthy control group [(6.9±2.7)%, (9.9±3.0)% and (7.7±3.8)%] after stimulation with Anti-CD3+ super-2 (alln P<0.05). After the expression of IL-2/IL-15Rβ was blocked, the percentages of PBMC CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells secreting IFN-γ [(2.4±1.6)%], IL-2 [(4.1±1.9)%] and TNF-α [(4.1±1.8)%] were decreased compared with the untreated CAHB group (alln P<0.05). HBeAg, ALT, the expression percentage and MFI of IL-2/IL-15Rβ on CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells were 521.4 (68.9, 1 339.0) COI, 292 (160, 528) U/L, (6.4±3.2)% and (239±136) in 30 HBeAg-positive CAHB patients before treatment, which were higher than those after treatment [3.5(1.5, 17.5)COI、20(14, 31) U/L, (4.1±2.4)% and (134±58)] (n Z=5.337 and 6.403, n t=3.229 and 3.892, all n P<0.05). HBsAg, ALT, the expression percentage and MFI of IL-2/IL-15Rβ on CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells were (5 310±2 851) COI, (328±207) U/L, (7.1±5.8)% and (252±110) in 30 HBeAg-negative CAHB patients before treatment, which were higher than those after 48 weeks of treatment [(3 811±2 495) COI, (33±14) U/L, (4.6±2.9)% and (154±73)] (n t=2.167, 5.595, 2.116 and 2.383, all n P<0.05).n Conclusion:The study suggests that up-regulated expression of IL-2/IL-15Rβ is associated with elevated frequency, proliferation and secretion function of memory CD3n + CD8n + CD45ROn + T cells in CAHB patients.n