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根据井在瞬间遭受注入(图1)或提取一定水量后的水位变化来测定含水层参数的方法称冲击试验(Slug Test,或称定容积提水试验)。通常的做法是将一定长度的密封管,或以带有活动阀门的抽泥筒没入水中,待水位静止后把它作为固定体积的容器而迅速提出,造成一定的水位降。因该法具有简便、快速(数分钟至数十分钟)、经济和便于反复试验等优点,故国外已普遍采用。Black等人建议部分取代抽水试验。
The method of determining the aquifer parameters according to the well being subjected to injection (Fig. 1) or water level change after extraction of a certain amount of water is referred to as the Slug Test (or the volumetric water extraction test). The usual practice is to immerse a sealed pipe of a certain length or a mud pump with a movable valve into the water. When the water level is at a standstill, it is promptly presented as a fixed volume container, resulting in a certain water level drop. Because this method has the advantages of simplicity, speed (minutes to tens of minutes), economy, and ease of trial and error, it has been widely adopted abroad. Black et al. suggested partially replacing the pumping test.