清末自咸丰至光绪年间，曾发生四起轰动社会的案件：“杨乃武与小白菜案”、“张沦祥刺马案”、“杨月楼诱拐卷逃案”和“顺天乡试科场舞弊案”。这“四大奇案”，因情节跌宕起伏，引人入胜，尤其案情本身暴露了封建专制社会的腐朽与黑暗，因而被编成各种形式的文艺作品，广为 During the late Qing Dynasty from Xianfeng to Guangxu years, there were four sensational cases: “Yang Naivu and Pak Choi case,” “Zhang 祥 Cheung Ma On Case”, “Yang Yuelou abduction and entanglement case” and “Shuntian trial fraud case”. The “Four Wonders of the Case” are captivating by the ups and downs of the plot. In particular, the case itself has exposed the decadent and darkness of the feudal autocratic society and has been compiled into various forms of literary and artistic works.