目前美国在全国范围内推行了绩效责任制。在此背景下,公立中小学校长的职责不断加大,但是其相应的权力并没有随之增加。这种责权不相当的状况给校长的管理带来诸多困难。本文对美国中小学校长的自治权现状及其影响因素进行了研究,并提出了对我国的启示。 At present, the United States has implemented a performance-based responsibility system throughout the country. In this context, the responsibilities of public school principals are constantly increasing, but their corresponding powers have not increased accordingly. This kind of situation of incompatible rights and responsibilities brings many difficulties to the principals management. This paper studies the current situation of the autonomy of primary and secondary school principals in the United States and its influencing factors, and puts forward some enlightenments to our country.