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词类问题是汉语语法中的一个的“老大难”。本文认为,“词类”本身是一个模糊集合,甲类词与乙类词只是在中心是清晰的,其边缘则是模糊的。从这一基本认识出发,本文用模糊聚类分析的方法对词的分类作了一次统计分析。分析表明,词与词之间在句法功能上有着程度不同的相似性,这是划分词类的依据,我们可以根据一定的相似程度对汉语的词进行分类。
The part-of-speech problem is one of the “old problems” in Chinese grammar. This paper argues that “part of speech” is itself a fuzzy set. A class A word and B class term are only clear at the center, while their edges are vague. Starting from this basic understanding, this paper makes a statistical analysis on the classification of words by fuzzy clustering analysis. The analysis shows that there are different degrees of similarity in the syntactic functions between words and words. This is the basis for the classification of the part of speech. We can classify Chinese words according to a certain degree of similarity.