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目的了解余姚市国家重大公共卫生项目《妇女增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷》实施后,对降低神经管缺陷的发生率的干预效果。方法对2010年10月1日~2012年9月30日期间分娩的妇女增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷随访情况分析。结果①通过项目实施使全市接受免费叶酸的育龄妇女叶酸服用率达91.80%,叶酸服用依从率达91.79%;预防神经管缺陷的知识知晓率达99.51%。②按时服用叶酸产妇分娩的围产儿出生缺陷总发生率、神经管缺陷发生率、死胎和早期新生儿死亡率远低于未按时(未服用)叶酸产妇分娩的围产儿。结论①增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷是提高我国人口素质的重要举措,应常抓不懈;②加大增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷健康教育力度并形成长效机制;③发挥社区卫生服务中心、计生、街镇、网络优势,使增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷深入社区、深入每一个计划怀孕的育龄妇女当中。
Objective To understand the intervention effect of reducing the incidence of neural tube defects after implementation of Yuyao City National Public Health Project “Women’s folic acid supplementation to prevent neural tube defects”. Methods Follow-up analysis of folic acid supplementation to prevent neural tube defects in women giving birth between October 1, 2010 and September 30, 2012 was conducted. Results ①The rate of taking folic acid in women of childbearing age who received free folic acid in the whole city was 91.80% and that of taking folic acid was 91.79%. The awareness rate of preventing neural tube defects was 99.51%. (2) The total incidence of perinatal birth defects, the incidence of neural tube defects, stillbirth and early neonatal mortality when taking folic acid on time were much lower than those of non-timing (not taking) folic acid. Conclusions ①To prevent the neural tube defect by adding folic acid is an important measure to improve the quality of our country’s population, we should always try our best; ② increase folic acid to prevent neural tube defects in health education and form a long-term mechanism; ③ play a community health service center, family planning, Town, network advantages, so that folic acid supplement to prevent neural tube defects in-depth community, in-depth planning of pregnant women of childbearing age among them.