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泻下剂属于“八法”中的下法,是治疗里实类病证的一组方药。因其广泛的应用于临床各科,故早就为历代医家重视。张仲景的《伤寒杂病论》中,使用泻下方剂达31首之多。现代药理研究表明,它具有增强大肠蠕动,排出肠内容物、毒物,调整体液循环,促进血运、新陈代谢,调整胃肠功能,抗菌、消炎及降压、排出异物等作用。笔者现仅就泻下剂在临床使用中的配伍规律作初步分析。
The purgative agent belongs to the lower method in the “eight methods” and is a set of prescriptions for the treatment of real illness. Because of its extensive use in clinical subjects, it has long been attached importance to ancient physicians. Zhang Zhongjing’s “Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases” uses as many as 31 diarrhea agents. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it has the functions of enhancing colonic peristalsis, discharging intestinal contents and poisons, adjusting body fluid circulation, promoting blood circulation, metabolism, adjusting gastrointestinal function, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive, and expelling foreign substances. The author now only makes a preliminary analysis of the compatibility of purgatives in clinical use.