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冰冻圈是指地球表层水以固态形式存在的圈层,包括冰川、冻土、积雪、海冰、河冰、湖冰等。作为一门新兴学科,冰冻圈科学研究其各组成部分的形成机理、演化规律、与其他圈层之间的相互作用,以及对经济社会的影响。在全球变暖背景下,冰冻圈研究受到前所未有的重视,成为气候系统研究中最活跃的领域之一,也是当前全球变化和可持续发展最关注的热点之一。中国是中低纬度地区冰冻圈最发育的国家,中国冰冻圈变化的气候效应、环境效应、水资源效应和生态效应非常显著,因此,对国家西部发展战略有重大意义。我国冰冻圈科学的发展与国家自然科学基金项目的支持息息相关,许多前瞻性、先导性、基础性的项目源自于基金项目的支持。国家自然科学基金在引领冰冻圈研究新领域和人才培养两方面起到了奠基和推动作用。着重回顾了在自然科学基金资助下我国冰冻圈科学的发展历程。
Cryosphere refers to the earth’s surface water in the form of solid-state existence of the ring, including glaciers, permafrost, snow, sea ice, river ice, lake ice and so on. As a newly emerging subject, Cryosphere scientifically studies the formation mechanism, evolution law, interaction with other spheres, and its impact on economy and society. In the context of global warming, cryosphere research has received unprecedented attention and has become one of the most active areas in the study of the climate system. It is also one of the hot spots of current global change and sustainable development. China is the most developed cryosphere in the middle and low latitudes. The climatic effect, environmental effect, water resource effect and ecological effect of China’s cryosphere change are significant. Therefore, it is of great significance to the development strategy of the western region of China. The development of cryosphere science in our country is closely related to the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Many forward-looking, pilot-based projects originate from the support of the fund project. The National Natural Science Foundation has laid the foundation and impetus role in leading the new field of cryosphere research and personnel training. Emphatically reviewed the development history of cryosphere science in China under the support of Natural Science Fund.