目的　通过测定急性肺炎患儿血清糖蛋白 (THP)和β2 -微球蛋白 (β2 -MG)的含量 ,探讨肺炎患儿肾功能和免疫功能变化。方法　采用放射免疫法测定 6 8例急性肺炎患儿 (肺炎组 )和 5 2例健康儿童 (对照组 )血清中THP及β2 -MG的含量。结果　肺炎组患儿血清THP和β2 -MG分别为 (130 35± 71 6 6 ) μg/L和 (3 5 1± 1 33)mg/L ,对照组分别为 (5 0 4 4± 30 6 5 ) μg/L和 (2 2 5± 0 85 )mg/L ,两组受检者血清THP、β2 -MG含量间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论　肺炎患儿急性期均有不同程度肾功能损害和细胞免疫功能抑制 ,提示临床医师应慎用肾毒性药物 ,避免加重肾功能损害。 Objective To investigate the changes of renal function and immune function in children with pneumonia by measuring the levels of serum glycoprotein (THP) and β2 - microglobulin (β2 - MG) in children with acute pneumonia. Methods The contents of THP and β2-MG in serum of 68 children with acute pneumonia (pneumonia group) and 52 healthy children (control group) were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results Serum concentrations of THP and β2-MG were (130 35 ± 71 6 6) μg / L and (31 51 ± 1 33) mg / L respectively in the pneumonia group and (5044 ± 30 6 5) ) μg / L and (2 2 5 ± 0 85) mg / L, respectively. There were significant differences in serum THP and β2-MG contents between the two groups (P <0.01). Conclusions The acute phase of children with pneumonia have different degrees of renal dysfunction and inhibition of cellular immunity, suggesting that clinicians should be used with caution nephrotoxic drugs to avoid aggravating renal dysfunction.