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目的探讨口腔正畸治疗前、后牙龈沟及口腔中细菌菌群的变化。方法选择2013年7月至2014年9月博州人民医院收治的口腔正畸患者130例(正畸组)及健康人群60例(对照组)为研究对象,收集正畸组术前及术后1个月、术后3个月和对照组的牙龈沟液体进行细菌培养,比较两组菌斑指数、牙龈沟出血指数、探诊深度的差异。结果正畸组术后1个月、术后3个月的菌斑指数、牙龈沟出血指数、探诊深度显著高于术前及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与术前比较,正畸组术后1个月、术后3个月的球菌、杆菌、弯曲菌比例显著降低,梭状菌、螺旋菌、丝状菌比例显著增高,牙龈卟啉单胞菌、核酸杆菌、福塞氏类杆菌、放线杆菌检出率显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论正畸治疗后口腔细菌繁殖增加,应注意维护口腔卫生,避免诱发炎症。
Objective To investigate the changes of bacterial flora in gingival sulcus and oral cavity before and after oral orthodontic treatment. Methods From July 2013 to September 2014, 130 cases of orthodontic patients (orthodontics group) and 60 healthy people (control group) received orthopedic treatment in Bozhou People’s Hospital. The subjects were selected before and after orthodontic treatment 1 month, 3 months after operation and the control group of gingival crevicular fluid bacterial culture, compared the two groups of plaque index, gingival sulcus bleeding index, exploration depth differences. Results The plaque index, gingival sulcus bleeding index and probing depth of the orthodontic group at 1 month and 3 months after operation were significantly higher than those of the preoperative and control groups (P <0.05). Compared with preoperative, the proportions of coccus, bacillus and campylobacter were significantly decreased in the orthodontic group one month after surgery and at the third month after operation, and the proportion of Clostridium, Spirillum and Filamentous bacteria were significantly increased. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P <0.05). The detection rates of ribobacillus, Fusobacterium fusiformis and Actinobacillus were significantly increased (P <0.05). Conclusion Oral bacterial proliferation increases after orthodontic treatment, and oral hygiene should be taken to avoid inducing inflammation.