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学生上了七年级以后,在英语学习过程中,每天会面对很多的一般疑问句和否定句。有半数以上的学生总觉得大量的做题或者练习就能解决这一难点。通过笔者多年的教学经验,我总结出了几点非常实用的方法,以方便学生学习。
学生学习英语的过程中,老师首先应该给学生介绍三种动词,即系动词,助动词和主动词.先看看他们各自的定义:系动词,亦称连系动词(Link Verb)。作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能單独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,亦称补语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。助动词,协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。助动词又可以分为三类:基本助动词(Primary Auxiliary)、情态助动词(Modal Auxiliary)和半助动词(Semi-auxiliary),其主要作用是构成时态和语态,但助动词是语法功能词,本身没有词义,不能单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,例如:Hedoesn’tlikeapples.他不喜欢苹果。(does是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)主动词,在句子中主要表达意思的动词。
了解了以上动词的划分,当我们再面对一个句子的时候,我们不要急着去变换句型,而是要细心的进行分析,看这个句子是否有系动词和助动词等。我们把句子中有系动词的划分为第一类,把有助动词的划分为第二类,把没有系动词和助动词的划分为第三类。
我们看看下面的例句:
(1)I am a good student.
Are you a good student?(一般疑问句)
(2)He is a worker.
Is he a worker?(一般疑问句)
(3)Jim was interested in Chinese.
Was Jim interested in Chinese?(一般疑问句)
以上的例句都有系动词,在变一般疑问句的时候,只需要将系动词提前。
再看另一组例句:
(1)He can speak English。
Can he speak English?(一般疑问句)
(2)He is reading a book.
Is he reading a book?(一般疑问句)
(3)I have finished my homework.
Have you finished your homework?(一般疑问句)
这些例句中都有助动词,我们在变一般疑问句的时候,只需要将助动词提前即可(注:be+doing中的be是助动词而不是系动词)。
再来看一组例句
(1)I like watching TV.
Do you like watching TV?(一般疑问句)
(2)He wants tO buy a shirt。
Does he want tO buy s shirt?(一般疑问句)
(3)He does his homework in the evening.
Does he do his homework in the evening?(一般疑问句)
在这一组例句中,既没有系动词,也没有助动词,所已无法提前。在这种情况下,只需要加助动词。一般现在时的句子根据主语的情况加d。或者does,一般过去时的句子加did,同时将原句中的动词还原成原形就可以。
按照以上的步骤去做一般疑问句会大大降低难度,同样的道理,我们再来看几组句子,看如何把他们变成否定句。
一、句子中有系动词be时,直接在be后加not.
(1)I am good at art.
I am not good at art.(否定句)
(2)She was used to living in the country.
She was not used to living in the country.(否定句)
二、句子中有助动词时,直接在助动词后加not.
(1)I can climb up the tree.
I can not climb up the tree.(否定句)
(2)She has had lunch.
She has not had lunch.(否定句)
(3)1 will go to the park tomorrow.
I will not so to the park tomorrow.(否定句)
三、句子中既没有系动词,也没有助动词时,一般现在时的句子中可根据主语去加don’t或者doesn’t,一般过去时的句子加didn’t.
(1)I go to school by bike every day.
I don’t go to school by bike every day.(否定句)
(2)Tom works in 9 factory.
Tom doesn’t work in a factory.(否定句)
(3)1 went to a supermarket yesterday.
I didn’t go to a supermarket yesterday.(否定句)
每一个完整的陈述句都可以根据三类标准进行划分,掌握了划分标准,学生便能很快的将一个陈述句变成疑问句和否定句。大大提高了学习的效率,同时也提高了学生学习的兴趣。
学生学习英语的过程中,老师首先应该给学生介绍三种动词,即系动词,助动词和主动词.先看看他们各自的定义:系动词,亦称连系动词(Link Verb)。作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能單独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,亦称补语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。助动词,协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。助动词又可以分为三类:基本助动词(Primary Auxiliary)、情态助动词(Modal Auxiliary)和半助动词(Semi-auxiliary),其主要作用是构成时态和语态,但助动词是语法功能词,本身没有词义,不能单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,例如:Hedoesn’tlikeapples.他不喜欢苹果。(does是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)主动词,在句子中主要表达意思的动词。
了解了以上动词的划分,当我们再面对一个句子的时候,我们不要急着去变换句型,而是要细心的进行分析,看这个句子是否有系动词和助动词等。我们把句子中有系动词的划分为第一类,把有助动词的划分为第二类,把没有系动词和助动词的划分为第三类。
我们看看下面的例句:
(1)I am a good student.
Are you a good student?(一般疑问句)
(2)He is a worker.
Is he a worker?(一般疑问句)
(3)Jim was interested in Chinese.
Was Jim interested in Chinese?(一般疑问句)
以上的例句都有系动词,在变一般疑问句的时候,只需要将系动词提前。
再看另一组例句:
(1)He can speak English。
Can he speak English?(一般疑问句)
(2)He is reading a book.
Is he reading a book?(一般疑问句)
(3)I have finished my homework.
Have you finished your homework?(一般疑问句)
这些例句中都有助动词,我们在变一般疑问句的时候,只需要将助动词提前即可(注:be+doing中的be是助动词而不是系动词)。
再来看一组例句
(1)I like watching TV.
Do you like watching TV?(一般疑问句)
(2)He wants tO buy a shirt。
Does he want tO buy s shirt?(一般疑问句)
(3)He does his homework in the evening.
Does he do his homework in the evening?(一般疑问句)
在这一组例句中,既没有系动词,也没有助动词,所已无法提前。在这种情况下,只需要加助动词。一般现在时的句子根据主语的情况加d。或者does,一般过去时的句子加did,同时将原句中的动词还原成原形就可以。
按照以上的步骤去做一般疑问句会大大降低难度,同样的道理,我们再来看几组句子,看如何把他们变成否定句。
一、句子中有系动词be时,直接在be后加not.
(1)I am good at art.
I am not good at art.(否定句)
(2)She was used to living in the country.
She was not used to living in the country.(否定句)
二、句子中有助动词时,直接在助动词后加not.
(1)I can climb up the tree.
I can not climb up the tree.(否定句)
(2)She has had lunch.
She has not had lunch.(否定句)
(3)1 will go to the park tomorrow.
I will not so to the park tomorrow.(否定句)
三、句子中既没有系动词,也没有助动词时,一般现在时的句子中可根据主语去加don’t或者doesn’t,一般过去时的句子加didn’t.
(1)I go to school by bike every day.
I don’t go to school by bike every day.(否定句)
(2)Tom works in 9 factory.
Tom doesn’t work in a factory.(否定句)
(3)1 went to a supermarket yesterday.
I didn’t go to a supermarket yesterday.(否定句)
每一个完整的陈述句都可以根据三类标准进行划分,掌握了划分标准,学生便能很快的将一个陈述句变成疑问句和否定句。大大提高了学习的效率,同时也提高了学生学习的兴趣。