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研究水资源脆弱性对玉溪市水资源安全保障、洪旱灾害应对具有重要意义。以玉溪市县级行政区为例,基于熵权法构建了水资源脆弱性评价模型,研究了玉溪市2005~2015年水资源脆弱性及其时空异质性。结果表明,玉溪市水资源脆弱性存在显著时空异质性,空间上呈现东高西低的格局,随着时间演进脆弱性普遍增强。红塔区属于强脆弱地区,澄江县、江川区、通海县属于中脆弱地区;其余西部各县为弱脆弱地区。2005~2015年玉溪市水资源脆弱性变化趋势大体为先增加后小幅减小,2009年因降水量剧减、供需矛盾加剧导致其脆弱性最强,2005~2008年脆弱性较为接近,其中2007年最小。水资源脆弱性强的地区往往处于经济发展迅速、水资源需求量大或干旱频发的地区。
Studying the vulnerability of water resources is of great significance to the security of water resources and the response to flood and drought disasters in Yuxi. Taking the county-level administrative district of Yuxi as an example, an assessment model of water resources vulnerability was constructed based on entropy method, and the vulnerability of water resources and their temporal and spatial heterogeneity were studied in Yuxi City from 2005 to 2015. The results show that there is a significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity of water resources vulnerability in Yuxi City, showing a pattern of high east and low in space and generally increasing vulnerability over time. Hongta District belongs to the strong and vulnerable areas, Chengjiang County, Jiangchuan District and Tonghai County belong to medium and weak areas; the remaining western counties are weak and vulnerable areas. In 2005 and 2015, the trend of water resources vulnerability in Yuxi City increased slightly and then decreased slightly. In 2009, the vulnerability of water resources was strongest due to the sharp decline of precipitation and the intensification of the contradiction between supply and demand. The vulnerability of 2005 to 2008 was similar, with 2007 The youngest Areas with high water vulnerability are often in areas with rapidly growing economy, high water demand or drought.