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以成层式人防工程为试验研究背景,分别采用黄沙和新型空壳颗粒复合材料做分配层,开展大比尺集团装药化爆模拟试验,考察其衰减爆炸冲击波的能力。试验结果表明,采用颗粒复合材料构建的分配层,在相同装药量下,遮弹层的变形和破坏明显大于黄沙分配层,应力波上升沿加大,波形脉宽增加,平均峰值应力大概是黄沙分配层的0.65左右,除装药正下方的个别颗粒遭受粉碎性破坏外,绝大部分空壳颗粒依然完好,只是表层泡沫陶瓷略有破损。这说明新型空壳颗粒复合材料不但对爆炸波有非常明显的衰减弥散作用,而且具备承受多次打击的能力。用这种材料做分配层,可大幅提高地下人防工程的抗爆能力。
Taking stratified air defense project as experimental research background, yellow sand and new shell-particle composites were used as distribution layer respectively to carry out explosive charge simulation test of large scale scale group to investigate its ability to attenuate blast shock wave. The experimental results show that the deformation layer and the damage of the shale layer are obviously larger than those of the yellow sand distribution layer. The rise of the stress wave increases, the pulse width of the waveform increases and the average peak stress is about Is distributed around the yellow sand 0.65 or so, except for the individual particles below the powder suffered comminuted damage, the vast majority of shell particles are still intact, but the surface of foam ceramics slightly damaged. This shows that the new shell-particle composite not only has a very obvious attenuation of the explosion wave dispersion, but also has the ability to withstand multiple blows. Distribution layer with this material, can greatly enhance the anti-blast capability of civil air defense works underground.