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为探讨直接/间接作用模式下土壤常驻菌对蒙脱石层间距、层电荷及层间介质的影响,从绵阳地区紫色土壤中分离选取1株短小芽孢杆菌,利用透析袋,建立土壤菌与蒙脱石“接触”与“非接触”体系进行相互作用实验。作用5 d后的结果表明,蒙脱石样品层间距变小,样品M-1和M-2的d001值从1.486 nm分别减小到1.246 nm和1.257 nm,单位半晶胞层电荷数减少,且ξMMT>ξM-2>ξM-1,FTIR分析显示作用后蒙脱石样品出现来自蛋白质酰胺Ⅱ带及蛋白质分子甲基的新特征峰,层间水分子3434 cm-1、1637 cm-1处的峰发生偏移,此外阳离子交换容量也发生明显改变。土壤菌的生物作用能改变蒙脱石的层间距、层电荷及层间介质,使其结构和性质发生改变。对比2种作用方式与作用后蒙脱石层间域特性的改变分析可知,接触作用对蒙脱石层间域特性的改变效果强于非接触作用。
In order to investigate the influence of soil resident bacteria on montmorillonite layer spacing, layer charge and interlaminar medium in direct / indirect mode of action, one strain of B.pumilus was isolated from purple soil in Mianyang, and the dialysis bag was used to establish soil bacteria and Montmorillonite “contact” and “non-contact” system interaction experiments. The results after 5 days showed that the interlayer spacing of smectite samples became smaller, the d001 values of samples M-1 and M-2 decreased from 1.486 nm to 1.246 nm and 1.257 nm, respectively, and the charge per unit cell gap decreased. And ξMMT> ξM-2> ξM-1, FTIR analysis showed that there was a new characteristic peak of the amide amide Ⅱ band and the methyl group of the protein from the smectite sample. The intermolecular water molecule 3434 cm-1 and 1637 cm-1 Of the peaks shift, in addition to cation exchange capacity also changed significantly. The biological effect of soil bacteria can change the interlayer distance, layer charge and interlayer medium of montmorillonite so that the structure and properties of soil layer change. Comparing the changes of the interlayer properties of montmorillonite between the two modes of action, we know that the effect of the contact effect on the interlamellar domain of the montmorillonite is better than the non-contact effect.