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用混合选择法改良亚热带优质蛋白玉米(QPM)群体在我国北方长日照条件下的适应性。经过4轮选择,中群13和中群14两个群体在北京三年试验的平均抽丝日期分别从85.1和86.9天缩短为67.5和68.8天,平均每轮提早4.1和4.5天。散粉日期的变化幅度较小,平均每轮提早2.2和2.3天。由于这两个性状的选择响应有差异,使散粉至抽丝的间隔天数(PSSl)分别从11.2和12.2天缩短为2.4和2.5天,平均海轮缩短2.0和2.3天,大大改善了雌雄协调性。1991年在北京春播,三亚秋播和济南、武功、成都夏播所做的多点联合评价试验表现相同的趋势,两个群体的抽丝日期平均每轮提早2.0和1.6天,PSSI则平均每轮缩短1.11和0.97天。在北京长日照条件下积累的改良效果,在短日照和夏播条件下仍然表现极显著的选择响应。这表明,混合选择法是改良外来玉米种质适应性,提早开花和改善雌雄协调性的有效途径。
Adaptation of hybrid selection method to improve QPM population in the long sunshine condition of northern China. After 4 rounds of selection, the average snail dates of the two groups in Zhongtu 13 and Zhongqun 14 were shortened from 85.1 and 86.9 days to 67.5 and 68.8 days respectively, averaging 4.1 and 4.5 days per round respectively. The variation of loose powder dates is small, averaging 2.2 and 2.3 days earlier per round. Due to the difference in response to selection between the two traits, PSSl was reduced from 11.2 and 12.2 days to 2.4 and 2.5 days, respectively, and the average seagoing vessel was shortened by 2.0 and 2.3 days, greatly improving the male-male co-ordination. In 1991, the multi-point joint evaluation tests carried out in Spring Sowing Beijing, Sanya Autumn Sowing and Jinan Sowing and Chengdu Summer Sowing showed the same trend. The spinning dates of the two groups averaged 2.0 and 1.6 days earlier for each round respectively. PSSI averaged The wheels shorten 1.11 and 0.97 days. The improved effects accumulated under long-day conditions in Beijing still show significant selective responses under short-day and summer seeding conditions. This shows that the hybrid selection method is an effective way to improve the adaptability of exotic maize germplasm, premature flowering and improve male-male coordination.