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一、关于饮片切制前的水处理程度及其操作时的常用术语: 分档:系指将原药材按其质地、大小、长短、粗细等分拣,以便在淘洗、浸润、切制时对其分别处理。发泡:系指质轻体松的药材在洗润过程中,未掌握好“水头”,因吸水过多,使药材泡松,从而切片时易粘刀,而且有效成分损失过多。伤水:系指药材在水中一次性浸泡时间过长,伤水后的药材有效成分流失而降低药效。欠水:系指含纤维、粘液质类的药材在浸润时应少用水或缩短浸润时间。富水:系指含淀粉,鞣质类的药材在浸润时宜多用些水或延长浸润时间。看水头:系指检测通过水处理后的药材软化程度,一般判断方法有:弯动法、折断法、劈开法、穿刺法、指掐法、手捏法、牙咬法等经验识别。
1. About the degree of water treatment before cutting and the commonly used terms used in operation: Sub-file: refers to the sorting of the original medicinal materials according to their texture, size, length, thickness, etc. so that they can be washed, infiltrated, cut, etc. Handle them separately. Foaming refers to the fact that in the process of washing, the herbs of light pine are not well-prepared. Because of excessive water absorption, the medicinal materials are soaked and loosened, which makes it easy to stick the knife when slicing, and the loss of effective ingredients is excessive. Injury: It refers to a time when the medicinal material is soaked in water for a long time, and the active ingredients of the medicinal material lost after water damage reduce the efficacy. Hypoglycemia refers to the fact that medicinal materials containing fibers and mucoids should use less water or shorten the infiltration time when infiltrating. Water-rich: refers to the starch-containing, tannin-like medicinal herbs in the infiltration should use more water or extended infiltration time. Look at the head: It refers to the degree of softening of the medicine after the water treatment. The general methods for judging are: bending method, breaking method, splitting method, puncture method, finger licking method, hand pinching method, and tooth bite method.