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1 概况 利用具有能源价值的植物和有机废弃物等生物质作为能源,称为生物质能(BiomassEnergy)。它是由太阳能源、空气、水、土壤等的作用而成,可取之不尽。地球上存在的生物质能主要贮蓄在森林中(干重约1000—1800亿吨)。 1.1 生物质能利用的方法 生物质能的利用有两种分法:(1)四分法,即取出生物中所含的石油成分(如能源植物);把特殊的海藻(kelp)或废弃物发酵成甲烷和酒精;把人畜粪发酵成甲烷气;从产氢气藻或菌中取出氢气,或用叶绿体制太阳能电池。(2)三分法,即直接燃烧法;将有机物发酵转换成酒精燃料;转换成甲烷气(碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质等有机物经微生物作用,在自然环境下将之分解成二氧化碳、氨、水、甲烷及氢气等)。
1 Overview Biomass Energy is used as a source of energy for biomass with energy values such as plants and organic waste. It is made of solar energy, air, water, soil, etc., can be inexhaustible. The biomass that exists on Earth is mainly stored in forests (about 10-18 billion tons of dry weight). 1.1 Biomass Energy Utilization There are two ways to use biomass energy: (1) Quaternary method, which is to remove the oil components (such as energy plants) contained in biological materials; to put special kelp or waste Fermentation into methane and alcohol; Fermentation of manure and manure into methane gas; Removal of hydrogen from hydrogen-producing algae or bacteria, or chlorophyll-based solar cells. (2) Trichotomy, the direct combustion method; the fermentation of organic matter into alcohol fuel; conversion to methane gas (carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other organic matter by the role of microorganisms in the natural environment will be broken down into carbon dioxide, ammonia, water , Methane and hydrogen, etc.).