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为了探讨菘蓝干物质累积和氮、磷、钾吸收与分配的特点,通过田间小区试验和采样分析,研究了菘蓝不同生育期植株的干物质和氮、磷、钾累积量。结果表明,菘蓝干物质的累积量随生长进程不断增加,呈“S”曲线型;近60%干物质累积在菘蓝生长60 d时形成;在120~150 d,菘蓝出现第二个生长高峰期,干物质占总累积量的31.72%;一年生菘蓝只进行营养生长,物质积累与分配只在叶与根这两个器官间进行,并且干物质分配主要以叶部为主,其分配率占50%以上。在整个生育期,菘蓝对N的吸收累积量最大,K_2O次之,P_2O_5最小,N、P_2O_5、K_2O吸收比例约为7.78∶1∶3.20,并且随着菘蓝生长期的延长,叶部氮磷累积总量及分配比例均在不断增加;而对于菘蓝根部来说,虽然氮磷累积总量在不断增加,但是所占总累积量比例却有所降低;钾在叶、根部累积及分配规律则与氮磷相反。
In order to investigate the accumulation of dry matter and the absorption and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in A. indicum, dry matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in different growth stages were studied through field plot test and sampling analysis. The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter in A. indicum increased with the growth process and showed a “S” curve pattern. Nearly 60% of accumulated dry matter formed during 60 days of A. crassicarpa growth. In 120-150 days, The dry matter accounted for 31.72% of the total accumulated amount in the two growth stages. The annual growth was only vegetative growth, and the accumulation and distribution of matter were only carried out between the two organs of leaf and root. The main distribution of dry matter was leaf-based , Its distribution rate accounted for more than 50%. During the whole growth period, the absorption accumulation of N was the largest, followed by K_2O, the smallest P_2O_5, the absorption ratio of N, P_2O_5 and K_2O was about 7.78:1:3.20, and the leaf nitrogen The total phosphorus accumulation and the proportion of the distribution are increasing; while for the root, the total nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation is increasing, but the proportion of the total accumulated amount is reduced; potassium accumulation and distribution in the leaves and roots The law is the opposite of nitrogen and phosphorus.