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时体是关于动词的最重要的两个密切相关的语法范畴。每一种语言的动词对“时”与“体”的表现都有所不同,这也是语言学习者在语言学习过程中必然会碰到的一个难点。无论是汉语还是德语者存在并且拥有着相同的时概念:过去、现在和将来;它们也有着类似的体,虽然各自细化的分类不同,但大体也都可分为进行体和完成体。然而在对时和体的表达上却有着根本上的不同,汉语作为孤立语运用的是词汇手段,而德语作为屈折语主要运用语法手段。本文将讨论德汉时体异同,以便于教师在授课时能够更好地强调异处,使学生更好地掌握德语的时与体。
The body is the two most closely related grammatical categories of verbs. The verb in each language is different from the performance of “body ” and “body ”, which is also a difficult point that language learners inevitably encounter in the process of language learning. Both Chinese and German exist and share the same concept of time: past, present, and future; they also have similar bodies, and although they differ in their classification, they can generally be divided into bodies and bodies. However, there is a fundamental difference in the expression of time and body. The use of Chinese as an isolated language is lexical means, while German, as the inflected language, mainly uses grammatical means. This article will discuss the similarities and differences between Germany and China so that teachers can better emphasize differences and teach students better grasp of the German language.