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目的了解单采血浆还输血球的有偿献血20年后,河北省某“献血村”人群乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行现状,探讨乙肝传播的危险因素,为预防控制乙肝在该人群传播提供参考。方法以河北省某“献血村”常住村民为研究对象,进行问卷调查、采集静脉血,利用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)血清学标志物,采用统计分析系统9.2软件对数据进行统计分析。结果河北省某“献血村”人群乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBV Surface Antigen,HBs Ag)和抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(Antibody to HBV Core Antigen,Anti-HBc)流行率分别为4.46%(22/493)和33.87%(167/493),均接近河北省自然人群水平。母婴传播是导致HBs Ag阳性的主要因素[母亲HBs Ag阳性组vs阴性组:比值比(Odds Ratio,OR)=13.177,95%可信区间(Confidence Interval,CI):2.457~70.669];接种乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,Hep B)是Anti-HBc阳性的保护因素(接种组vs未接种组:OR=0.014,95%CI:0.003~0.058)。结论 HBV在河北省某“献血村”人群主要通过母婴传播。目前预防控制乙肝的策略应放在发现HBs Ag阳性的孕产妇,阻断母婴传播,以及提高成年人群Hep B的接种率。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in blood donation blood group in Hebei Province after 20 years of paid blood donation from apheresis plasma and to explore the risk factors of hepatitis B transmission in order to prevent and control hepatitis B Provide a reference for the spread of people. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on a group of permanent residents in a “donated blood village” in Hebei Province. Venous blood samples were collected for detection of serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 9.2 software for statistical analysis of the data. Results The prevalences of HBsAg and anti-HBc in a donated blood group in Hebei province were 4.46% (22 / 493) and 33.87% (167/493), all close to the level of natural population in Hebei Province. Maternal-to-infant transmission was the major cause of HBsAg-positive [maternal HBsAg positive vs negative: Odds Ratio (OR) = 13.177, 95% confidence interval (Confidence Interval, CI: 2.457 to 70.669) Hepatitis B Vaccine (Hep B) is a protective factor against the positive of Anti-HBc (vaccinated vs. unvaccinated: OR = 0.014, 95% CI: 0.003-0.058). Conclusion HBV is transmitted mainly from mother to infant in a blood donation village in Hebei Province. The current strategy for the prevention and control of hepatitis B should be to detect HBsAg-positive pregnant women, prevent mother-to-child transmission, and increase the vaccination rate of Hep B in adults.