军费是用于国防建设的特殊消费金。军品是军费的实物形态,属特殊消费品。在我国,随着物价体系的改革,市场调节范围扩大,指令性范围缩小,物价的变动直接波及军品,通过军品影响到军费的使用。其中,同市场联系密切的装备费和生活费受到的影响较大。对这一新的情况,必须认真研究。武器装备的交换离不开市场,但透过市场却不容易发现物价对装备费的影响。因为,我军武器装备是根据国家订货生产的,体现在这部分军品中的社会劳动,不是在市场上,而是在生产过程中就表现出来了。与此相联系,其价格具有以下特点:①它通常不是由市场上的竞争性买卖确定的,而是由国家机构直接指定,或者由军事订货机构同军工生产单位协商而定。②由于平时同类型 Military expenditure is a special consumption fund for national defense construction. Military goods are the physical forms of military expenditures and are special consumer goods. In our country, with the reform of the price system, the scope of market regulation has been expanded, the scope of directives has been narrowed, changes in prices have directly affected military products, and the use of military expenditures has been affected by military products. Among them, the equipment and living expenses closely related to the market are greatly affected. In this new situation, we must study it carefully. The exchange of weapons and equipment can not be separated from the market, but it is not easy to find the impact of price on the equipment costs through the market. Because our army’s weapons and equipment are manufactured according to the orders of the state, the social labor embodied in this part of the military products is manifested not in the market but in the production process. In connection with this, the price is characterized by the following characteristics: (1) It is usually not established by competitive trading in the market, but is directly designated by the state agency, or by military order agencies in consultation with military production units. ② usually the same type