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选用甘蓝型油菜JA细胞质雄性不育系5个(A1、A2、A3、A4、A5)、恢复系3个(R1、R2、R3),采用5×3不完全双列杂交,对15个杂交组合的9个主要农艺性状进行了配合力和遗传力的估算与分析,旨为探明亲本材料的应用潜力。结果表明:①在一般配合力上,3个父本的优劣顺序为R3>R2>R1,5个母本的优劣顺序为A4>A1>A2>A5>A3。②组合A2×R3在株高、分枝数、单株有效角果数和单株产量等性状的特殊配合力均表现最好,15个组合中,单株产量排名前3的组合是A2×R3、A1×R1、A2×R1。③性状遗传力中以单株产量的广义遗传力最高,分枝部位最低,结合田间表现,R3、A2、A4这3份材料的综合性状较好,可利用其创造新材料。④亲本一般配合力较高的组合选出优良后代的可能性更大,在进行亲本选择和确定最佳组合时,应综合考虑亲本的一般配合力和特殊配合力。
Five lines (A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5) of the JA cytoplasmic male sterile line (Brassica napus L.) were used to restore three lines (R1, R2 and R3). Using 5 × 3 incomplete diallel crosses, The combined nine major agronomic traits were estimated and analyzed for combining ability and heritability to identify potential applications of the parent material. The results showed that: ① The order of superiority and inferiority of the three parents in the general combining ability is R3> R2> R1. The order of the five female parents is A4> A1> A2> A5> A3. ② The combining ability of A2 × R3 in plant height, branch number, effective pod number per plant and yield of single plant all performed the best. Among the 15 combinations, the combination of the top 3 plants per plant was A2 × R3, A1 × R1, A2 × R1. (3) The heritability of heritability was the highest in general heritability and the lowest was in heritability in combination with field performance. The comprehensive characters of R3, A2 and A4 were good and could be used to create new materials. ④Parents with higher general combining ability are more likely to choose good offspring. When selecting parents and determining the best combination, the parents should consider the general combining ability and the special combining ability.