隋代牛弘在其《请开献书之路表》中,谈及隋以前书籍散亡的事件有五次,史称“五厄”。明代胡应麟在《论历代书籍存亡》一文中说“牛弘所论五厄,皆六代前事”,指出“书自六朝之后,复有五厄”。这就是历史上关于文献散亡的著名的“五厄”和“十厄”。1840年鸦片战争爆发后,帝国主 Sui Niu Hong in his “Please open a book”, talked about the books before the Sui Dynasty, there are five times the incident, known as the “five E”. In the article “On the Existence of Books in All Dynasties” in the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin said “Ughur treats Wu’er and Jieliuqian as predecessors,” pointing out that “the book has five Era after the Six Dynasties.” This is the famous “Five Era” and “Ten Era” in the history of the dissemination of documents. Empire Lord after the Opium War broke out in 1840