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一、《国家防汛抗旱应急预案》的编制背景及意义复杂的气候、地理和地形条件,使我国成为世界上水旱灾害最为严重的国家之一。全国有三分之二的国土面积不同程度地受到洪水威胁,特别是长江、黄河、淮河等七条大江河中下游地区,集中了全国二分之一的人口和四分之三的工农业产值,洪涝灾害的威胁更为严重。据统计:上个世纪90年代我国的洪涝灾害所造成的直接经济损失平均每年高达1200亿元,占到同期国内生产总值(GDP)的2.38%,1998年特大洪水,全国有29个省(自治区、直辖市)受灾,农
I. Background and Significance of Compiling Preventing Plans of National Flood Control and Drought Relief Complex climatic, geographical and topographical conditions have made our country one of the countries with the most serious floods and droughts in the world. Two thirds of the country’s land area is threatened by floods to varying degrees, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the seven major rivers, including the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Huaihe River. It has a population of one-half of the country and an industrial and agricultural output value of three-quarters, The threat of floods is even more serious. Statistics show that the direct economic losses caused by floods and floods in China in the 1990s were as high as 120 billion yuan per year on average, accounting for 2.38% of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the same period. In the special floods in 1998, there were 29 provinces Autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) affected, farmers