论文部分内容阅读
名实分离现象长期且普遍存在于地方政府权力运行过程,这一现象是地方政府在法律软约束与经济硬约束不平衡情境下的一种行为策略。本文构建了情境-过程的分析框架,通过对组织外情境、组织内情境、行动者、行动结果四个基本要素加以分析,揭示了地方政府权力过程名实分离现象的产生机理,并通过个案研究对此进行了验证。地方政府权力过程的名实分离行为是其处理多元任务困境时,通过对组织内外情境加以理性判断后的选择。一方面,法律软约束与经济硬约束的组织外情境,促使地方政府形成“经济优先、兼顾法治”的治理逻辑;另一方面,在这种逻辑下,地方政府对组织内情境进行局部重构,使其与外部情境相协调,形成效率优先的权力运行规则。由于权力运行的正式规则存在缺陷,难以有效实现效率原则,而非正式规则因具备灵活高效等优势而彰显活力。因此,正式权力的非正式化运作现象大量存在于地方政府的权力过程,甚至超越了现有的法律规定。但法律软约束并非无约束,公然违背正式的权力运行程序有可能遭到责任追究,而名实分离的行为则因其外在形式的合法律性而被地方政府所青睐,作为规避违法风险的理性选择。尽管权力过程的名实分离有其合理性,但暗含权力非法治化的风险,进而滋生腐败、地方政府间合谋等权力异化问题,侵蚀了权力运行的合法性。
The phenomenon of the separation of the real and the real is a long-term and ubiquitous phenomenon in the operation of the power of local governments. This phenomenon is a behavior strategy of local governments in the situation of unbalanced legal soft constraints and economic hard constraints. This paper constructs a framework of context-process analysis. By analyzing the four basic elements of the situation outside the organization, the situation within the organization, the actors and the results of the operation, this paper reveals the mechanism of the separation of the real and the right of the process of local government power, and through case studies This has been verified. The separatist act of name and deity of the process of local government power is the choice after the rational judgment of the situations both inside and outside the organization when dealing with the multi-task dilemma. On the one hand, the soft constraints of the law and the organizational constraints of economic hard constraints urge local governments to form the governing logic of “economic priority and giving consideration to the rule of law.” On the other hand, under this logic, the local governments make partial Reconstruction, to coordinate with the external situation, the formation of efficiency rules of the priority of power operation. Due to the flawed formal rules governing the operation of power, it is difficult to effectively implement the principle of efficiency, whereas informal rules exert their vitality through the advantages of being flexible and efficient. Therefore, the informal operation of formal power exists in a large extent in the power process of local governments and even surpasses the existing laws and regulations. However, the soft constraint of law is not unconstrained, and a blatant violation of the formal procedures of the operation of power may be subject to accountability. However, the factual separation is favored by local governments because of its legal legitimacy in the external form, as a circumvention of illegal risks Rational choice. Although the separation of the real name and the power of the power process has its rationality, the risk of illegally governing power implies the problem of alienation of power and corruption, the collusion between local governments, and erodes the legitimacy of the operation of power.