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以温室嫁接黄瓜为试材,研究了长期加富CO2和高温条件下叶片光合指标、叶绿素含量、Rubisco活性以及Rubisco活化酶活性随时间的变化规律及其相互关系。旨在为高温季节温室黄瓜高产优质栽培提供参考依据和实践支持,以及为未来由于CO2浓度升高引起的“温室效应”对作物造成的影响进行探究。结果表明:长期加富CO2和高温条件下,净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量、Rubisco活性以及Rubisco活化酶活性均显著提高,其平均值分别高于对照38.83%、66.88%、28.2%、26.07%、37.2%、37.06%以及44.16%;长期CO2+高温是显著提高叶片净光合速率的直接原因,因其提高了胞间CO2浓度,从而提高了叶片叶绿素含量以及Rubisco活性,最终在光合作用光反应和暗反应2个过程中促进净光合速率提高;长期CO2+高温可以解除长时间CO2施肥带来的“光合适应”现象,从而提高光合速率。
The greenhouse cucumber grafted cucumber was used to study the changes of photosynthetic index, chlorophyll content, Rubisco activity and Rubisco activase activity under long-term CO2 enrichment and high temperature conditions and their correlations with time. The purpose is to provide reference and practical support for high-yielding and high-quality cucumber cultivation in high temperature season and to explore the impact of “greenhouse effect” on crops in the future due to the increase of CO2 concentration. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, Rubisco activity and Rubisco activase activity increased significantly under long-term enrichment of CO2 and high temperature, with the average values being higher than the control 38.83 The long-term CO2 + high temperature is the direct reason for significantly increasing the net photosynthetic rate of leaves, because it increases the intercellular CO2 concentration and thus increases the leaf chlorophyll content and Rubisco activity eventually promoted the increase of net photosynthetic rate during photosynthesis and dark reaction. Long-term CO2 + high temperature could lift the phenomenon of “photosynthesis” caused by long-term CO2 fertilization and increase the photosynthetic rate.