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目的 :了解青少年视力发展变化规律 ,为预防青少年近视提供依据。方法 :对 10 0例 4岁儿童进行视力检查 ,全部散瞳验光 ,个别儿童配戴眼镜 ,连续 10年追踪检查视力和屈光改变。结果 :4岁正常视力的儿童至 9岁时大部分成为近视 ;6岁以前的正视眼在 14岁后全部变为近视 ;11岁以前的远视眼 95%以上变为正视和近视。结论 :检查学龄前儿童视力 ,可以预测以后的屈光改变 ,学龄前儿童视力越好 ,越应提前预防近视。
Objective: To understand the changing rules of vision of adolescents and provide basis for prevention of juvenile myopia. Methods: 100 cases of 4-year-old children were examined by visual acuity, all mydriatic optometry, individual children wearing glasses, tracking for 10 consecutive years of visual acuity and refractive changes. Results: Most children with normal visual acuity of 4 years old became myopia by the age of 9 years. All presbyopia before 6 years old became myopia after 14 years old. More than 95% hyperopia before 11 years old turned into orthoptic and myopia. Conclusion: Examining preschool children ’s eyesight can predict the change of refraction. The better the preschool children’ s eyesight, the more they should prevent myopia in advance.