方向、比例尺和图例是地图的三要素。学会在地图上定方向,利用比例尺量距离,根据图例分析地理事物的分布特点,才能有效地运用地图去获得地理知识或利用地图来回答不同的地理问题。其中方向问题和等高线地形图始终是近几年高考地理试题考查的重点。一、方向判读1.一般地图方向判 Direction, scale, and legend are the three elements of the map. Learning to set the direction on the map, using the scale distance, and analyzing the distribution characteristics of geographical things based on the legend, can effectively use the map to obtain geographic knowledge or use maps to answer different geographical issues. Among them, the orientation problems and contour topographic maps have always been the focus of examinations on the geography examination questions of the college entrance examination in recent years. I. Directional interpretation 1. General map orientation