导言标准标本(type mineral specimens)是用以确定矿物种属的考证样品。在生物科学中很久以前就建立了标准标本制度,而在矿物学界直到最近才正式提出标准标本制。确实,有许多在古代和本世纪发现的矿物根本就没有标准标本。在这种情况下能得到的最多信息只是博物馆里卡片上或老的标签上的记载,如 Introduction Type mineral specimens are validated samples of mineral species. A long time ago in the biological sciences established a standard specimen system, which was formally proposed in the mineral science community until recently. Indeed, many of the minerals found in ancient times and in this century do not have standard specimens at all. The most information that can be obtained in this case is the record on the card in the museum or on the old label