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本文是介绍在3厘米波长、采用H_(01)模及电子回旋基波回旋管的工程设计及实验研究的。采用了三极式磁控注入电子枪、变截面低Q值圆波导开放腔及阶梯圆波导输出窗等结构。在没有稳定直流电流的磁场电源(波纹因数达6％)下,利用开放腔内局部加载及调节磁场纵向分布等方法,仍可解决纵向模式競争而获得稳定的单模振荡,最高效率达31％。在41千伏脉冲电压下测得输出功率达130千瓦,平均功率可大于500瓦。利用横截面法,引入相位修正因数,推导出变截面开放腔的衍射反射系数。从轨导理论计算求得衍射Q后,利用微波线路理论求得最佳的开放腔形状和尺寸。采用低衍射Q、变截面及腔内局部加载等方法有利于提高回旋管效率和模式分割度。对于磁控注入电子枪采用了理论公式计算、计算机模拟及电子注分析仪测试等步骤。在大电流情况下,获得了较高横向能量及较小速度零散的电子注,并用高精度的径向规测出电子拉莫尔半径及电子横向速度零散。文中还对先后设计的三种结构电子枪作了比较。利用圆波导阶梯段与介质窗片容性阻抗构成的补偿网络,可使输出窗有较大的带宽及较小的驻波系数,实验了陶瓷窗及石英窗两种结构,皆满足设计要求。本文还对开放腔和输出窗的冷测、整管热测及工艺结构等问题作了简要分析。
This article describes the engineering design and experimental study of H_ (01) mode and electron gyro fundamental gyro at 3 cm wavelength. Using a three-pole magnetron injection electron gun, a variable cross-section low-Q circular waveguide open cavity and a circular waveguide output window and other structures. In the absence of a stable DC current magnetic field power (ripple factor up to 6%), the use of open cavity local load and adjust the vertical distribution of magnetic field and other methods can still solve the vertical mode competition and stable single mode oscillation, the maximum efficiency of 31% . At 41 kV pulse voltage measured output power of 130 kW, the average power can be greater than 500 watts. Using the cross-section method, the phase correction factor was introduced to derive the diffraction reflection coefficient of the open cross-section cavity. After deriving diffraction Q from the orbital guide theory, the best open cavity shape and size are obtained by using the microwave circuit theory. Using low-diffraction Q, variable cross-section and local cavity loading method is conducive to improve the gyrotron efficiency and mode segmentation. For the magnetron injection electron gun using theoretical formula calculation, computer simulation and electronic injection analyzer test and other steps. Under the condition of high current, the electronic injection with higher transverse energy and smaller velocity is obtained, and the electronic Larmor radius and electronic transverse velocity are scattered with high precision radial gauge. The article also has to design the structure of the three electron guns were compared. Using the compensation network consisting of the circular waveguide ladder section and the capacitive impedance of the dielectric window, the output window can have a larger bandwidth and a smaller VSWR. Both the ceramic window and the quartz window are tested, meeting the design requirements. This article also made a brief analysis of cold measurement of open cavity and output window, thermal measurement of whole pipe and process structure.