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为了解青草沙水库正式供水后的鱼类群落组成、多样性及时空分布特征,于2011年5月、7月、10月和12月,将水库分成3个区域(西区、对照区和放养区)进行本底调查。调查期间共捕获鱼类22种,隶属于5目7科,以鲤科鱼类为主;鱼类群落分为3个生态类型,淡水鱼类17种、河口性鱼类3种和洄游性鱼类2种。群落优势种为刀鲚(Coilia ectenes)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)和光泽黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus nitidus)。水库的西区水域宽阔,水草丰富,鱼类多样性和丰富度最高;各季节的多样性中以春季为最高,冬季最低。聚类分析显示水库的鱼类群落组成时间和空间上存在显著差异。青草沙水库的修建及水库内盐度的下降,近海和河口性鱼类减少,可能是鱼类多样性下降的主要原因,小型鱼类占主导,建议增殖放流时加大大型鱼类苗种的投放。
In order to understand the composition, diversity and temporal-spatial distribution of fish communities after the formal water supply of Qingcaosha Reservoir, the reservoirs were divided into three regions (western China, control area and stocking area) in May, July, October and December 2011 ) To conduct a background investigation. Totally 22 species of fish were captured during the investigation, belonging to 5 orders and 7 families, mainly carps; fish communities were divided into 3 ecological types, 17 species of freshwater fish, 3 species of estuarine fish and 3 species of migratory fish 2 kinds. The community dominant species are Coilia ectenes, Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio and Pelteobagrus nitidus. The water area in the western part of the reservoir is broad, with abundant aquatic plants and the highest diversity and abundance of fish species. Among all the seasons, the spring is the highest and the winter is the lowest. Cluster analysis showed that there were significant differences in temporal and spatial composition of fish communities in the reservoir. The construction of Qingcaosha reservoir and the decrease of salinity in the reservoir, and the reduction of offshore and estuarine fish may be the main reason for the decline of fish diversity. Small-sized fish predominate, and it is suggested that large-scale fish seed Put in.