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证人证言是民事案件中证据的主要形式,也是最常用的证据,而证人制度则是民事证据规则的重要组成部分。笔者认为一个比较完善的证人制度应该具有如下功能:第一,能够帮助法官了解案件的基本情况。第二,能够揭示案件的真实情况。第三,能够维护诉讼法律关系主体的合法权益。 我国施行的《最高人民法院关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》(以下简称最高院司法解释)中对证人作证做出了一些具体的规定,但是总的来说,目前我国证人制度的规定不能满足民事审判的实际需要,特别是单位证人、拒绝证言、宣誓、出庭,已成为制约我国民事诉讼发展的亟待解决的问题。
Witness testimony is the main form of evidence in civil cases and the most commonly used evidence, while the witness system is an important part of the rules of civil evidence. The author believes that a relatively complete witness system should have the following functions: First, to help judges understand the basic situation of the case. Second, to reveal the real situation of the case. Third, it can safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the subject of legal proceedings. China’s implementation of “Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Civil Proceedings” (hereinafter referred to as the Supreme Court Judicial Interpretation) made some specific provisions on the testimony of witnesses, but in general, the current system of witness in China can not meet the requirements of civil The actual needs of the trial, especially the witness units, the refusal of testimony, the oath of swearing, and the appearance of courtrooms have become urgent problems to be solved in restricting the development of civil litigation in our country.