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目的了解深圳市2013—2015年艾滋病流行特点,为制定切实有效的预防和控制策略提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统《艾滋病综合防治信息系统》下载历史卡片,获取深圳市2013—2015年新发现的艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体阳性者信息,并进行流行病学分析。结果 2013—2015年深圳市新发HIV/AIDS病例6 432例,其中HIV感染者4 377例,AIDS病人2 055例。男女性别比为8.5:1;年龄主要集中在20~45岁的青壮年,占87.8%,平均年龄(33.2±10.1)岁;高中及以上文化程度占54.8%;流动和暂住人口占86.2%;性传播为主要传播途径,占93.8%,其中同性性接触传播的感染比重逐年上升(P<0.000 1),且在2014年同性性传播比例首次超过异性性传播比例,达到48.8%。结论深圳市HIV/AIDS人群以流动和暂住人口占绝大多数,传播途径以性传播为主,同性性传播已超过异性性传播,成为最主要的传播途径。近期的控制策略为加强对MSM人群和流动人口的防治力度,深入研究和探讨针对MSM人群的综合有效的干预措施,遏制经性途径传播的速度。
Objective To understand the characteristics of AIDS epidemic in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2015 and provide the basis for effective and effective prevention and control strategies. Methods The history card was downloaded from China AIDS Prevention and Control Information System “AIDS Integrated Prevention and Control Information System”, and the newly discovered HIV antibody positive persons in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2015 were obtained for epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 6 432 HIV / AIDS cases were newly diagnosed in Shenzhen in 2013-2015, including 4 377 cases of HIV infection and 2 055 cases of AIDS cases. The male-to-female sex ratio was 8.5: 1. The main age groups were young adults aged 20-45 years, accounting for 87.8% with an average age of (33.2 ± 10.1) years. The educational attainment of senior high school and above accounted for 54.8%. The floating and temporary residents accounted for 86.2% Sexual transmission was the main route of transmission, accounting for 93.8%. The proportion of homosexually transmitted infections increased year by year (P <0.0001), and the proportion of same-sex transmission exceeded that of heterosexual transmission for the first time in 2014, reaching 48.8%. Conclusion The majority of HIV / AIDS population in Shenzhen live and migrate temporarily. Sexual transmission is the main route of transmission. Sexual transmission of homosexuality has exceeded that of heterosexual transmission and has become the most important route of transmission. Recent control strategies to strengthen the prevention and treatment of MSM population and floating population, in-depth study and explore comprehensive and effective interventions for MSM population, to stop the spread of sexual speed.