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以三峡水库支流库湾广泛存在的倒灌异重流为背景,构建室内物理模型,以入流量、初始水位、温度差3个主要影响因子,设计系列工况对底部倒灌异重流运行特性进行模拟试验研究,分析异重流头部移动速度、交界面高度、头部厚度等主要水力学要素的变化过程及受入流量、初始水位、温度差的影响规律.研究表明底部倒灌异重流头部移动速度沿程呈线性递减,头部交界面沿程呈线性升高,头部厚度沿程呈线性递减.异重流运动稳定后,同一断面处,异重流头部速度随入流量、初始水位及温差的增加而增大,交界面高度随入流量及初始水位的增大而升高;异重流头部厚度受初始水位变化影响最敏感,随初始水位升高而增加.
Based on the widespread heavy gravity flow in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir, an indoor physical model was constructed. Three major influencing factors of inflow, initial water level and temperature difference were designed. The influence of inflow, initial water level and temperature difference on the main hydraulic factors such as head velocity, interface height and head thickness of heavy gravity flow was analyzed experimentally.The research shows that the head of gravity flow at the bottom of gravity flow changes The velocity decreases linearly along the path, and the thickness of the head decreases linearly along the path.The thickness of the head decreases linearly along the path.When the velocity of the gravity flow is stable, the head velocity of the gravity flow at the same section varies with the inflow, initial water level And the temperature increases, the height of the interface increases with the inflow and the initial water level. The head thickness of the isoparametric stream is most sensitive to the initial water level changes and increases with the initial water level.