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本文对15个甜樱桃品种和3种砧木在2个试验果园的生长发育情况进行了研究。其中1个果园主要在降雨量不足的季节(4月中旬至8月中旬)采用了滴灌设施。研究结果表明,滴灌明显地增强了树势,主要表现在树干横截面积、枝条总长度和树冠体积上。其中,Mazzard作砧木的树势最强,其次是P-HL-C砧木,树势最弱的砧木是Gisela 5。在没有滴灌的果园,P-HL-C作砧木和Gisela 5作砧木的树势相同,但在有滴灌的果园,P-HL-C作砧木的树势比Gisela 5作砧木强很多。滴灌对各品种的影响也存在差异,其中Halka,Sylvana,Aranka和Burlat的树势增加最明显,而Horka,Jacinta和Justyna三个品种的反应最小。在滴灌果园,嫁接在P-HL-C砧木上的Regina,Tim和Vanda三个品种的树势高于其嫁接在Gisela5砧木上。大多数情况下,在滴灌果园,开花和坐果明显低于非滴灌果园。本研究中,Tamara,Sandra和Regina是树势最强的品种,而Tim和Skeena是树势最弱的品种。
In this paper, the growth and development of 15 sweet cherry varieties and 3 kinds of rootstocks in two experimental orchards were studied. One of the orchards used drip irrigation facilities mainly in the season of low rainfall (mid-April to mid-August). The results show that drip irrigation significantly enhances the tree vigor, mainly in trunk cross-sectional area, total length of branches and crown volume. Among them, Mazzard was the strongest tree stock, followed by P-HL-C stock and Gisela 5 the weakest stock. In the no-drip irrigation orchards, P-HL-C was the rootstock and Gisela 5 was the rootstock, but in drip-filled orchards, P-HL-C was the rootstock with stronger rootstock than Gisela 5. The effects of drip irrigation on the varieties were also different. Among them, Harka, Sylvana, Aranka and Burlat increased the most obviously, while Horka, Jacinta and Justyna had the least reaction. In drip irrigation orchards, Regina, Tim and Vanda grafted on P-HL-C rootstocks had higher tree vigor than grafted on Gisela5 rootstocks. In most cases, drip irrigation orchards, flowering and fruit setting were significantly lower than non-drip irrigation orchards. In this study, Tamara, Sandra and Regina are the strongest trees and Tim and Skeena are the weakest trees.