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目的：初步探讨β淀粉样蛋白1～42（Aβ1～42）及D-半乳糖（D-gal）联合构建的复合型阿尔茨海默病（AD）模型，以及模型中硫氧还蛋白与凋亡相关蛋白的研究。方法采用44只2月龄雄性SD大鼠，共分4组，腹腔注射及侧脑室注射生理盐水的假手术组，腹腔注射D-gal及侧脑室注射Aβ1～42分别建立的D-gal组和Aβ1～42组，腹腔注射D-gal联合侧脑室注射Aβ1～42建立的复合AD模型组。免疫组织化学检测脑组织中Trx，细胞色素c（Cyto-c）及Caspase-9表达。结果与对照组相比，Aβ1～42组、D-gal组和复合模型组皮质、海马中Trx的表达下降，Cyto-c和Caspase-9的表达上升。与Aβ1～42组、D-gal组相比，复合模型组皮质、海马中Trx的表达下降；Cyto-c和Caspase-9的表达上升。结论在复合AD模型中神经细胞凋亡，Trx表达下降，而Cyto-c和Caspase-9表达上升。Trx参与神经细胞的凋亡过程。“,”Objective To investigate the multiple Alzheimer’s disease(AD) animal model established byβAmyloid protein 1~42(Aβ1~42) combined with D-galactose(D-gal) injection.and to investigate thioredoxin and apoptosis-related protein in a multiple AD model.Methods 44 2 months-old SD male rats was divided randomly to 4 group:peritoneal injection and lateral ventricle injection of physiological saline served as sham group,peritoneal injection of D-gal and lateral ventricular injection of Aβ1~42 individually served as a single factor AD model,peritoneal injection of D-gal combined with lateral ventricle injection of Aβ1~42 established a multiple AD animal model.Detect the expression of Trx,cytochrome c(Cyto-c) and Caspase-9 in brain tissue by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the sham group,Aβ1~42 group,D-gal group and the multiple model group,the expression of Trx in cortex and hippocampus decreased,the expression of Cyto-c and Caspase-9 increased.And Aβ1~42 group,D-gal group,the multiple model group,the expression of Trx in cortex and hippocampus decreased;the expression of Cyto-c and Caspase-9 increased.Conclusion Trx expression decreased,and Cyto-c and Caspase-9 expression increased in multiple AD model.Trx involved in nerve cell apoptosis.