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1979年开始的改革开放,为中国经济注入了巨大活力。随着国民经济的迅速发展,改革前长期存在的消费品短缺状态从根本上得以缓解。但是,80年代中期以来另一种结构矛盾却日趋尖锐,这就是,基础设施和基础工业明显滞后,形成了严重的“瓶颈”制约。早在80年代初期,国家就提出了优先发展能源、交通的战略方针,到80年代中后期,各级政府部门都认识到基础设施和基础工业的薄弱或不足将严重影响经济和社会发展。然而在实际过程
The reform and opening up started in 1979 brought enormous vitality to China’s economy. With the rapid development of the national economy, the chronic shortage of consumer goods before the reform fundamentally eased. However, another structural contradiction has intensified since the mid-1980s. This shows that the infrastructure and basic industries have lagged far behind, creating a serious “bottleneck” constraint. As early as the early 1980s, China proposed a strategy of giving priority to the development of energy and transportation. By the mid-to-late 1980s, government departments at all levels realized that the weaknesses or deficiencies of infrastructure and basic industries would seriously affect economic and social development. However, in the actual process