利用熔融还原法生产铁合金或生铁,与电炉或高炉相比,有许多优点,尽管熔融还原法工艺过程千差万别,但是其共同特征是:(1)使用廉价能源;(2)使用铁矿粉,省去粉矿造块等预处理工艺;(3)工艺过程简单,设备投资少;(4)对环境污染少。川崎钢铁公司发明了利用竖炉型熔融还原法生产铁合金,主要的工艺特点是:(1)用竖炉作为熔融还原炉,竖炉内充填焦炭层,焦炭粒度比普通炼铁高炉用焦炭粒度小;(2)竖炉设有上、下二排风口,从风口喷吹粉矿,可以免除矿石对焦炭的磨损和挤碎,便于使用低强度焦炭,由于在竖炉炉身部不存在粒度小、透气性差的矿石,所以焦炭粒度可减小,同时从风口可以喷吹煤粉;(3)粉矿在预还原炉内进行预还原,经过预还原的粉矿从上排风口喷入炉内,在风口循环区熔融,穿过焦炭充填层进行熔融还原,液态渣铁聚集在炉 The use of smelting reduction of iron alloy or pig iron production, compared with the electric furnace or blast furnace, has many advantages, although the melting reduction process varies widely, but its common characteristics are: (1) the use of cheap energy sources; (2) the use of iron ore, the province Go to powder mines and other pretreatment process; (3) process is simple, less equipment investment; (4) less environmental pollution. Kawasaki Iron and Steel Company invented the use of shaft furnace smelting reduction of iron alloy production, the main process features are: (1) with the shaft furnace as a smelting reduction furnace, shaft furnace filled with coke layer coke particle size smaller than the average blast furnace with coke ; (2) shaft furnace with the upper and lower two rows of vents, blowing powder from the tuyere, ore can be exempt from coke abrasion and crushing, easy to use low-strength coke, as shaft furnace shaft size does not exist Small, poor permeability of the ore, so coke particle size can be reduced, at the same time from the tuyere can be pulverized pulverized coal; (3) pre-reduction furnace in pre-reduction furnace pre-reduction, after the pre-reduction of the ore from the exhaust vents Furnace, the tuyere loop melting, through the coke filling layer for melting reduction, liquid slag iron accumulation in the furnace