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目的了解广州市适龄儿童第一恒磨牙免费窝沟封闭项目实施2~3年后的质量情况。方法采用随机抽样的方法,分别抽取接受第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭2年后、3年后的儿童各5 576和4 857人,进行窝沟封闭剂保留和龋患情况调查。结果第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭2年后的封闭剂保留率为75.34%、完好率为42.93%,龋齿检出率为5.67%;封闭3年后的封闭剂保留率为72.15%、完好率为37.29%,龋齿检出率为7.04%。城市儿童在封闭2年及3年后封闭剂保留率均高于同期封闭的乡村儿童,差异有统计学意义(2年后的χ~2=38.04、P<0.001;3年后的χ~2=4.52,P<0.05);下颌牙在封闭2年及3年后封闭剂完好率均高于同期封闭的上颌牙,差异有统计学意义,(2年后的χ~2=40.60、P<0.001;3年后的χ~2=15.78,P<0.001)。结论广州市适龄儿童第一恒磨牙免费窝沟封闭项目质量基本得到保证,城市封闭质量好于农村,不同牙位封闭质量存在差异。
Objective To understand the quality of the free moat closure project of the first molars in Guangzhou for 2 to 3 years. Methods A random sample of 5 576 and 4 857 children aged 3 years after receiving the first molars sealant was used to investigate the retention of fissure sealant and caries. Results The retention rate of sealant in the first permanent molars and fissures was 75.34% after two years of sealing, the rate of intact rate was 42.93% and the detection rate of dental caries was 5.67%. The retention rate of sealants after three years of sequestration was 72.15% 37.29%, the detection rate of dental caries was 7.04%. The retention rate of sealants in urban children after 2 and 3 years of closure was higher than that of rural children in the same period of closure (χ ~ 2 = 38.04, P <0.001 after 2 years; χ ~ 2 after 3 years = 4.52, P <0.05). The occlusion rate of mandibular teeth at 2 years and 3 years after closure was higher than that of maxillary teeth closed at the same period. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 40.60, P < 0.001; 3 years later, χ ~ 2 = 15.78, P <0.001). Conclusions The quality of the free pit and fissure sealant project of the first permanent molars in Guangzhou was basically guaranteed. The enclosed quality of the city was better than that in the rural areas, and there was a difference in the sealing quality between different teeth.