中华人民共和国成立前后 ,中国经济发生了一次由通货膨胀到市场疲软的剧烈波动。国家为稳定物价采取了一系列措施 ,经过努力 ,迅速扭转了物价长期上涨的局面。紧接着又出现了全国性的市场疲软和经济萧条 ,表现为商品滞销 ,物价大幅度下降 ,工商业开工不足 ,失业人数上涨 ,为了治理经济疲软 ,政府采取了因应措施 ,并取得明显的效果。从这次经济的涨落起伏和政府采取的措施中 ,可总结出许多今天还可借鉴的经验教训。本文从这些方面作了尝试 Before and after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, a sharp fluctuation in China’s economy from inflation to weakness in the market took place. The state has taken a series of measures to stabilize prices and, through hard work, quickly reversed the long-term price rise. Then came the nationwide market weakness and depression, manifested in the sluggish sales of goods, the drastic drop in prices, the under-construction of industries and commerce, the rising unemployment and the government’s response to the weak economy. From the ups and downs of the economy and the measures taken by the government, many lessons learned from today can be summed up. This article made some attempts from these aspects