遗传性球形红细胞增多症（HS），是一种慢性经过伴急性发作的溶血性贫血，为遗传性疾病。其特征为球形红细胞增多，易在网状内皮系统破坏，而在组织内溶血。临床常有疲倦、乏力、贫血、间歇性轻度黄疽，肝脾肿大等。因本病病例少，往往不被认识，易误诊为病毒性肝炎、急性白血 Hereditary spherocytosis (HS), is a chronic, hemolytic anemia with an acute attack, a hereditary disease. It is characterized by increased spherical erythrocytes, easily destroyed in the reticuloendothelial system, and hemolysis in the tissue. Clinical often tired, fatigue, anemia, intermittent mild jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly and so on. Due to the small number of cases of this disease are often not recognized, easily misdiagnosed as viral hepatitis, acute leukemia